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| Alpine three-thousanders ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Three-thousander
Three-thousanders〔English sources for this term are numerous and include: ''Mountain Walking in Austria'' by Cecil Davies (2001); ''Rough Guide to the Pyrenees'' by Marc Dubin (2004); ''The Alpine Journal, Vol 61'' by The Alpine Club (1956) and ''The Ultimate Challenge'' by Chris Bonington (1973).〕 are mountains with a height of between 3,000, but less than 4,000 metres above sea level. Similar terms are commonly used for mountains of other height brackets e. g. four-thousanders or eight-thousanders. In Britain, the term may refer to mountains above 3,000 feet.〔Nuttall, John and Nuttall, Anne (2008). ''The Mountains of England and Wales'', Vol. 2, 3rd ed., Cicerone, p. 92. ISBN 978-1-85284-589-6〕
== Climatological significance ==
In temperate latitudes three-thousanders play an important role, because even in summer they lie below the zero degree line for weeks. Thus the chains of three-thousanders always form important climatic divides and support glaciation - in the Alps the 3,000-metre contour is roughly the general limit of the "nival step"; only a few glaciated mountains are under 3,000 metres (the Dachstein, the easternmost glaciated mountain in the Alps, is, at 2,995 m, not a three-thousander). In the Mediterranean, however, the three-thousanders remain free of ice and, in the tropics, they are almost insignificant from a climatic perspective; here the snow line lies at around 4,500 to 5,000 metres, and in the dry continental areas (Trans-Himalayas, Andes) it may be up to 6,500 metres high.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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